cứng rắn in Vietnamese

IPA: [kɨŋ˧˦ zan˧˦] [Hà-Nội], [kɨŋ˦˧˥ ʐaŋ˦˧˥] [Huế], [kɨŋ˦˥ ɹaŋ˦˥] (note: Saigon) [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: cứng (“hard”) + rắn (“hard/solid”). Etymology templates: {{com|vi|cứng|rắn|t1=hard|t2=hard/solid}} cứng (“hard”) + rắn (“hard/solid”) Head templates: {{head|vi|adjective|||||||head=|tr=}} cứng rắn, {{vi-adj}} cứng rắn

[Show JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    },
    {
      "_dis": "0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Pages with entries",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "cứng",
        "3": "rắn",
        "t1": "hard",
        "t2": "hard/solid"
      },
      "expansion": "cứng (“hard”) + rắn (“hard/solid”)",
      "name": "com"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "cứng (“hard”) + rắn (“hard/solid”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "cứng rắn",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "cứng rắn",
      "name": "vi-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "strict; tough; harsh; severe"
      ],
      "id": "en-cứng_rắn-vi-adj-11jBrxsm",
      "links": [
        [
          "strict",
          "strict"
        ],
        [
          "tough",
          "tough"
        ],
        [
          "harsh",
          "harsh"
        ],
        [
          "severe",
          "severe"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative) strict; tough; harsh; severe"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hard; firm; rigid"
      ],
      "id": "en-cứng_rắn-vi-adj-tj3WZFgE",
      "links": [
        [
          "hard",
          "hard"
        ],
        [
          "firm",
          "firm"
        ],
        [
          "rigid",
          "rigid"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "physically",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(physically) hard; firm; rigid"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kɨŋ˧˦ zan˧˦]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɨŋ˦˧˥ ʐaŋ˦˧˥]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɨŋ˦˥ ɹaŋ˦˥]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    }
  ],
  "word": "cứng rắn"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Vietnamese adjectives",
    "Vietnamese compound terms",
    "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Vietnamese lemmas",
    "Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "cứng",
        "3": "rắn",
        "t1": "hard",
        "t2": "hard/solid"
      },
      "expansion": "cứng (“hard”) + rắn (“hard/solid”)",
      "name": "com"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "cứng (“hard”) + rắn (“hard/solid”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "cứng rắn",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "cứng rắn",
      "name": "vi-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "strict; tough; harsh; severe"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "strict",
          "strict"
        ],
        [
          "tough",
          "tough"
        ],
        [
          "harsh",
          "harsh"
        ],
        [
          "severe",
          "severe"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative) strict; tough; harsh; severe"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "hard; firm; rigid"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hard",
          "hard"
        ],
        [
          "firm",
          "firm"
        ],
        [
          "rigid",
          "rigid"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "physically",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(physically) hard; firm; rigid"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kɨŋ˧˦ zan˧˦]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɨŋ˦˧˥ ʐaŋ˦˧˥]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɨŋ˦˥ ɹaŋ˦˥]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    }
  ],
  "word": "cứng rắn"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Vietnamese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"cứng rắn" meaning in Vietnamese

Adjective